History 17C - Williams (Sample exam. Mark the best answer for each question on your answer sheet.)

1. The astonishing growth that occurred in America's cities between 1870 and 1900 came from:

    a. natural increase of city populations.

    b. new immigrants from northern and western Europe and England.

    c. Internal and international migration of people.

    d. America's rural population abandoning the farm.

2.Big-city bosses received support from:

    a. loyal part members who continued to support the party in return for jobs and other "social services."

    b. the urban poor in need of help that only bosses could provide.

    c. business people who, in rum, received city contracts and franchises from               public services.

    d. all of the above.

3. Among the early experiences of Americans that remain important for our understanding of twentieth century American history are:

             I. the ideology of republicanism.

            II. abundance of resources and an infinite frontier.

           III. the enslavement of African- Americans.

           IV. early New England's strong moralistic attitudes.

    a. I, II, III.        c. II, III, IV.

    b. I, III, IV.      d. II, III, IV.

4. The ethnic diversity of factory workers played a role in:

    a. dividing skilled and unskilled workers into factions.

    b. creating a stronger bond among workers.

    c. educating the workers about one another's culture.

    d. what worker performed which job.

5. America's railroad system developed as a result of all of the following except:

    a. government cash subsidies.

    b. an inducement from state and local communities to railroad builders.

    c. a dominance of foreign bankers willing to underwrite the cost of railroads.

    d. government railroad land grants.

]6. Which of the following methods did John D. Rockefeller use in gaining control over the oil refining industry?

            I. secret railroad rebates.

           II. efficient production methods.

          III. an innovative organizational structure, known as the "trust"

          IV. his personal scientific understanding of oil refining.

    a. I, II, III.        c. I, II, III, IV.

    b. I, III, IV.      d. II, III, IV.

7. The ideas of social Darwinism allowed men of wealth, like Carnegie and Rockefeller, to:

    a. justify the economic inequality that favored them over America's poor.

    b. argue for more government intervention in dealing with social problems.

    c. create more humanitarian programs for their factory laborers.

    d. become more humanitarian in their declining years.

8. Chinese in late- 19th Century America encountered a form of racial prejudice for which of the following reasons?

             I. Workers' belief that bosses recruited Chinese to undercut wages.

           II. A perception that Chinese were unwilling to perform handwork.

          III. Whites thought the Chinese threatened America's values.

          IV. Other Americans felt Chinese religious beliefs were heathen.

    a. I, II, III.      c. I, III, IV.

    b. I, II, IV.      d. II, III, IV.